Abstract:
The present invention relates to an 8-stroke internal combustion engine which generates power in a highly efficient manner by injecting water such that the combustion gas is re-circulated, retaken into a cylinder block and recompressed immediately after 4-strokes resulting from the burning of fuel such that 4-strokes resulting from the combustion of fuel and 4-strokes resulting from the evaporation and volume expansion of injected water are alternately repeated. The 8-stroke internal combustion engine of the present invention includes a cylinder block for generating rotating power by receiving up and down reciprocation of a piston through a connecting rod and consequently rotating a crank shaft, a cylinder head coupled onto the cylinder block and having one side connected with an intake manifold which opens/shuts via an intake valve and the other side connected with an exhaust manifold which opens/shuts via an exhaust valve, a first camshaft which is arranged on the cylinder head, rotates in tandem with the rotation of the crank shaft, and equipped with an intake cam for driving the intake valve, a second camshaft which is arranged on the cylinder head, rotates in tandem with the rotation of the crank shaft, and equipped with an exhaust cam for driving the exhaust valve; a water injection unit arranged on the cylinder head to inject water into the cylinder block; a third camshaft arranged on the cylinder head, rotates in tandem with the rotation of the first camshaft, and equipped with a water injection mechanism for operating the water injection unit, a combustion gas bypass pipe for interconnecting the intake manifold and the exhaust manifold, a combustion gas intake controller arranged on the intake manifold and connected to the combustion gas bypass pipe to selectively control mixtures of air, intake air, or re-intake of combustion gas, and a combustion gas exhaust controller arranged on the exhaust manifold and connected to the combustion gas bypass pipe to selectively control the exhaust or re-circulation of combustion gas.
TECHNICAL FIELD:
BACKGROUND ART:
DISCLOSURE Technical Problem
Technical Solution:
Advantageous Effects:
The present invention relates to an 8-stroke internal combustion engine which generates power in a highly efficient manner by injecting water such that the combustion gas is re-circulated, retaken into a cylinder block and recompressed immediately after 4-strokes resulting from the burning of fuel such that 4-strokes resulting from the combustion of fuel and 4-strokes resulting from the evaporation and volume expansion of injected water are alternately repeated. The 8-stroke internal combustion engine of the present invention includes a cylinder block for generating rotating power by receiving up and down reciprocation of a piston through a connecting rod and consequently rotating a crank shaft, a cylinder head coupled onto the cylinder block and having one side connected with an intake manifold which opens/shuts via an intake valve and the other side connected with an exhaust manifold which opens/shuts via an exhaust valve, a first camshaft which is arranged on the cylinder head, rotates in tandem with the rotation of the crank shaft, and equipped with an intake cam for driving the intake valve, a second camshaft which is arranged on the cylinder head, rotates in tandem with the rotation of the crank shaft, and equipped with an exhaust cam for driving the exhaust valve; a water injection unit arranged on the cylinder head to inject water into the cylinder block; a third camshaft arranged on the cylinder head, rotates in tandem with the rotation of the first camshaft, and equipped with a water injection mechanism for operating the water injection unit, a combustion gas bypass pipe for interconnecting the intake manifold and the exhaust manifold, a combustion gas intake controller arranged on the intake manifold and connected to the combustion gas bypass pipe to selectively control mixtures of air, intake air, or re-intake of combustion gas, and a combustion gas exhaust controller arranged on the exhaust manifold and connected to the combustion gas bypass pipe to selectively control the exhaust or re-circulation of combustion gas.
DESCRIPTION:
The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine that can increases fuel efficiency by alternately repeating power generation using combustion of fuel and evaporation and expansion of injected water.
In general, internal combustion engines generate power by rotating the crankshaft while repeating four strokes composed of intake, compression, ignition or explosion due to fuel injection, and exhaust of a gas mixture or air. However, when the four strokes are continuously repeated, the fuel is continuously consumed for each four-stroke, such that fuel consumption increases, while the top of the cylinder block is exposed to significantly high temperature due to explosion repeated one time for each four-stroke. Accordingly, it is considerably difficult to cool the cylinder block and environmental pollutants are discharged with the exhaust gas.
A 6-stroke internal combustion engine has been proposed to overcome those problems, which uses power alternately generated by combustion of the fuel and by evaporation and expansion of injected water, by injecting water right into the cylinder block at relatively high temperature due to combustion of the fuel, right after the exhaust stroke.
According to the 6-stroke internal combustion engine in which intake, compression, explosion, exhaust, expansion, and re-exhaust strokes are sequentially repeated, since the fuel is consumed one time for not each four-stroke, but each six-stroke, fuel consumption can be considerably reduced in comparison to the 4-stroke internal combustion engine. Further, since water is injected into the cylinder block heated at high temperature by combustion of the fuel, the cylinder block is automatically cooled and the temperature of the exhaust gas is also decreased, such that it is possible to reduce to amount of environmental pollutants, such as NOx, which are produced in the exhaust gas.
However, the 6-stroke internal combustion engine having the configuration described above should generate power, using only expansion due to evaporation of the water, after generating by using combustion of the fuel. Therefore, the force produced by the expansion due to evaporation of the water is not enough to push the piston, such that sufficient power is not generated.
Further, in the 6-stroke internal combustion engine of the related art, thermal efficiency decreases, because the high-temperature exhaust gas produced by combustion of the fuel is discharged without being re-circulated.
In addition, the 6-stroke internal combustion engine of the related art usually injects water by using an electronic valve, and in this case reliability of water injection timing is deteriorated.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an 8-stroke internal combustion engine that can considerably increase fuel efficiency, by alternately repeating four strokes due to combustion of the fuel and four strokes due to evaporation and expansion of injected water to generate power.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an 8-stroke internal combustion engine that can significantly increase thermal efficiency by re-circulating the combustion gas right after four strokes due to combustion of the fuel and re-taking and recompressing the combustion gas in the cylinder block, and then injecting water to consistently generate power of a predetermined level, while collecting waste heat from the combustion gas.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an 8-stroke internal combustion engine that can considerably increase reliability of water injection timing, by using a relatively simple mechanical mechanism that is operated with rotation of the crankshaft.
The objects of the present invention are accomplished by providing an 8-stroke internal combustion engine, which includes: a cylinder block in which rotational power is generated by a crankshaft rotated by up-down reciprocation of a piston that is transmitted through a connecting rod; a cylinder head connected to the top of the cylinder block and having one side connected with an intake manifold opened/closed by intake valves and the other side connected with exhaust manifolds opened/closed by an exhaust valve; a first camshaft arranged above the cylinder head, rotating with the rotation of the crankshaft, and having integral intake cams operating the intake valves; a second camshaft arranged above the cylinder head, rotating with the rotation of the crankshaft, and having integral exhaust cams operating the exhaust valves; a water injection unit disposed above the cylinder head and injecting water into the cylinder block; a third camshaft arranged above the cylinder head, rotating with the rotation of the first camshaft, and having a injection mechanism operating the water injection unit; combustion gas bypass pipes connecting the intake manifold with the exhaust manifold; a combustion gas intake controller disposed in the intake manifold and connected with the combustion gas bypass pipe to selectively controls intake of a gas mixture or air or re-intake of combustion gas; and a combustion gas exhaust controller disposed in the exhaust manifold and connected with the combustion gas bypass pipe to selectively control exhaust or re-circulation of combustion gas.
According to a preferred feature of the present invention, an ignition plug or a fuel injector is disposed at the center of the cylinder head.
According to a more preferred feature of the present invention, the first camshaft and the second camshaft are rotated with the rotation of the crankshaft by a first power transmission mechanism including a first sprocket fixed to the crankshaft, a second sprocket fixed to the first camshaft, a third sprocket fixed to the second camshaft, and a power chain linking the sprockets.
According to a more preferred feature of the present invention, as the second and third sprockets rotate one time for two-time rotation of the first sprocket, the first camshaft and the second camshaft rotate one time with two-time rotation of the crankshaft.
According to a more preferred feature of the present invention, the third camshaft is rotated with the rotation of the first camshaft by a second power transmission mechanism including a first gear fixed to the first camshaft and a second gear fixed to the third camshaft and engaged with the first gear.
According to a more preferred feature of the present invention, as the second gear rotates one time for two-time rotation of the first gear, the third camshaft is rotated one time with two-time rotation of the first camshaft.
According to a more preferred feature of the present invention, the combustion gas intake controller includes: a first semicircular plate fixed to one side of the intake manifold; a first rotating drum rotatably fitted on a first rotating shaft while being externally tangent between the first semicircular plate and the other side of the intake manifold, having a first communicating pipe therein for selectively communicating both sides of the intake manifold in accordance with the rotational direction, and having first communication holes selectively communicating the combustion bypass pipe with the other side of the intake manifold in accordance with the rotational direction, through the outer circumference; and a first actuator rotating the first rotating drum by rotating the first rotating shaft of the first rotating drum.
According to a more preferred feature of the present invention, the first actuator includes: a first spur gear fixed to the first rotating shaft of the first rotating drum; an intake control cam integrally formed with the third camshaft; an intake control rod elastically biased by a coil spring such that one end is in contact with the intake control cam, and linearly moved by the rotation of the third camshaft; and a first rack gear integrally formed at the other end of the intake control rod and engaged with the first spur gear.
According to a more preferred feature of the present invention, the combustion gas exhaust controller includes: a second semicircular plate fixed to one side of the exhaust manifold and communicating with the combustion gas bypass pipe; a second rotating drum rotatably fitted on a second rotating shaft while being externally tangent between the second semicircular plate and the other side of the exhaust manifold, having a second communicating pipe therein for selectively communicating both sides of the exhaust manifold in accordance with the rotational direction, and having second communication holes selectively communicating the combustion bypass pipe with the other side of the exhaust manifold in accordance with the rotational direction, through the outer circumference; and a second actuator connected to the second rotating shaft and rotating the second rotating drum.
According to a more preferred feature of the present invention, the second actuator includes: a second spur gear fixed to the second rotating shaft of the second rotating drum; the exhaust control cam integrally formed with the third camshaft; an exhaust control rod elastically biased by a coil spring such that one end is in contact with the exhaust control cam, and linearly moved by the rotation of the third camshaft; and a second rack gear integrally formed at the other end of the exhaust control rod and engaged with the second spur gear.
According to a more preferred feature of the present invention, the water injection unit includes: an injection cylinder disposed on the cylinder head and having one side connected with a water supply and having the lower end where an injection nozzle is disposed; and a nozzle opening/closing rod rotatably combined with the injection cylinder and elastically biased in the closing direction of the injection nozzle while rotating to close the injection nozzle with operation of a water injection operating mechanism.
According to a more preferred feature of the present invention, the water injection operating mechanism has a protrusion protruding from one side of the top of the nozzle opening/closing rod and a trigger formed on the intake control cam and rotating the nozzle opening/closing rod by pushing the protrusion in accordance with the rotation of the intake control cam.
According to a more preferred feature of the present invention, the rigger rotates the nozzle opening/closing rod to open the injection nozzle, after re-intake and recompression of the re-circulated combustion gas is completed in the cylinder block.
According to the 8-stroke internal combustion engine of the present invention, power is generated by four strokes due to combustion of the fuel and four strokes due to evaporation and expansion of injected water which are alternately repeated, such that it is possible to considerably increase fuel efficiency in comparison with 4-stroke or 6-stroke internal combustion engines in the relates art.
Further, the same power as the four strokes due to the evaporation and the expansion of the injected water is generated in the four strokes due to the combustion of the fuel, by re-circulating, re-taking, and recompressing the combustion gas and then injecting the water, right after the four strokes due to the combustion of the fuel; therefore, it is possible to continuously generate a predetermined level of power, even if the four strokes due to the combustion of the fuel and the four strokes due to the evaporation and expansion of the injected water are alternately repeated.
Furthermore, it is possible significantly increase thermal efficiency by collecting waste heat from the combustion gas by re-circulating the combustion gas right after the four strokes due to the combustion of the fuel.
Further, since the water injection unit, which operates with rotation of the crankshaft, injects water only when the re-circulated combustion gas is compressed, by using relatively simple mechanism, it is possible to prevent malfunction and considerably increase reliability in water injection timing.
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